Circular saws are distinguished by round-shaped blades that have the ability to cut through many different material types, including metal, wood, cement block, brick, fiberglass, and slate. They are popular in commercial construction and among DIYers due to their extreme versatility, though using one for the first time can be intimidating.
In this article, we’ll cover some of the history of the circular saw, tips on how to use one safely, and a few troubleshooting issues.
History of the Circular Saw
There is a long history of the circular saw all across the globe, with some citing its initial invention as early as the late 1700s. Credit for its invention in the United States, however, for use in a sawmill, typically goes to Tabitha Babbitt. Babbitt was a member of the Harvard Shaker community, a religious community with egalitarian ideals.
In 1810 Babbitt noticed men using a one-directional saw to cut through logs. Much of the men’s effort was being wasted on moving the saw to make an additional cut. Determined to make the process more efficient, Babbitt used her knowledge of spinning wheels—used to weave fibers to make yarn or thread—to create a notched tin disk that could be attached to a spin wheel and operated with a pedal push.
How Do Circular Saws Work?
While today’s circular saws apply some of the same concepts, many advancements have been made since Babbitt’s time. Here are some of the main components of the saw.
Shoe
This is the flat part of the saw. The circular blade passes through the shoe, allowing it to cut through an object while the shoe rests on the top, flat surface of the object.
Lower Blade Guard
The lower blade guard protects the bottom surface of the blade that runs under the shoe.
Upper Guard
The upper blade guard protects the top part of the blade that sits on top of the shoe.
Cutting Blade
This metal disc with sharp teeth is positioned on a centrally located pivot so that it can spin when triggered.
Hand Hold
Use this area of the saw to rest your free hand and get more control of saw direction.
On/Off Switch
This is usually a type of trigger that needs to be held down to keep the saw running.
Handle
Place your hand that is holding down the trigger in this area; gives leverage to push the saw forward and manage direction.
Some circular saws have a cord while others rely on a rechargeable battery. They are mostly used to cut straight lines, especially in wood. Pulling in the trigger while the saw is connected to a power source allows the blade to spin. Exerting force on the saw to push it forward allows the spinning blade to make a cut while the shoe is resting on the surface.
How to Use a Circular Saw
Different circular saws may have different functions. It’s best to refer to the user manual that came with your machine. However, there are a few common tips and guidelines you can follow to ensure you get the best cuts with your saw. Start with your saw off and disconnected from power.
Step 1. Mark your cut
Measure out the line you want to cut and mark it with a pencil. Then securely attach the piece you plan on cutting to your work station. Make sure your station is set up for the blade to pass under.
Step 2. Attach saw
Determine which saw blade you want to use. Finer blades with more frequently placed teeth will make finer cuts that require less sanding. Larger-toothed blades are quicker. It’s best to cut with the side of the wood you want to show facing down. This will prevent any unsightly splinters.
Step 3. Set your blade
Set the blade depth ¼" below the material you are cutting and ensure the right bevel angle.
Step 4. Set guard
Attach power to your saw and rest the saw shoe on the edge of the line you plan to cut. Lift the blade guard so that it’s next to, but not touching, the piece you want to cut. Press the lock switch.
Step 5. Make cut
Push on the trigger to begin making your cut. Allow the blade to move forward without applying too much force. Pushing it will wear out the motor.
Circular Saw Maintenance Tips
Circular saws are built to have a reasonably long lifetime. Keeping up with regular maintenance will help preserve the life of your saw.
1. Check for debris
Remove the blade on your saw regularly to clean it and remove any debris that may have collected around the cage. You can also use compressed air to remove any small bits of dust.
2. Check the shoe
Make sure your shoe stays aligned and squared with the saw. Accidental drops or poor storage can cause this to shift over time, affecting the straightness of your cuts.
3. Lubricate the saw
You can apply a small amount of lubricant on the saw, to prevent rusting. You might also apply lube to both sides of the washer that holds the blade in place.
Picking the Right Saw
When is it best to use a circular saw over other types of saws? Here are some answers to common questions about using circular saws.
What is the difference between a table saw and a circular saw?
A table saw has less flexibility than a circular saw as its blade is attached to the table itself. These types of saws are better for working with finer materials, more commonly used on wood, and most ideal for making accurate, straight cuts.
What is the difference between a skill saw and a circular saw?
Commonly confused as a different type of saw, Skil is actually a brand of circular saw that advertises additional functions.
What is the difference between a reciprocating saw and a circular saw?
Reciprocating saws work on a push and pull motion. They’re popular in construction, word-working, and metalwork. The lack of a disc makes these saws more flexible, but less able to perform quick, straight cuts.
Circular saws are versatile machines that make it easier to cut a variety of objects. Learning how to use and maintain your circular saw will enable you to complete a variety of projects without losing the effectiveness of your saw.
Product Compliance and Suitability
The product statements contained in this guide are intended for general informational purposes only. Such product statements do not constitute a product recommendation or representation as to the appropriateness, accuracy, completeness, correctness or currentness of the information provided. Information provided in this guide does not replace the use by you of any manufacturer instructions, technical product manual, or other professional resource or adviser available to you. Always read, understand and follow all manufacturer instructions.